- Get lightning fast and clever at the command line
You can use keyboard shortcuts and other command line tricks to make entering commands easier and faster. You might already know about the ‘tab’ key which completes partial commands and even file and directory names.
Here are some other keyboard shortcuts you can use within terminal:
Ctrl-a Move to the start of the line.
Ctrl-e Move to the end of the line.
Alt-] x Moves the cursor forward to the next occurrence of x.
Alt-Ctrl-] x Moves the cursor backwards to the previous occurrence of x.
Ctrl-u Delete from the cursor to the beginning of the line.
Ctrl-k Delete from the cursor to the end of the line.
Ctrl-w Delete from the cursor to the start of the word.
Ctrl-y Pastes text from the clipboard.
Ctrl-l Clear the screen leaving the current line at the top of the screen.
Ctrl-x Ctrl-u Undo the last changes. Ctrl-_
Alt-r Undo all changes to the line.
Alt-Ctrl-e Expand command line.
Ctrl-r Incremental reverse search of history.
Alt-p Non-incremental reverse search of history.
!! Execute last command in history
!abc Execute last command in history beginning with abc
!n Execute nth command in history
^abc^xyz Replace first occurrence of abc with xyz in last command and execute it
Ubuntu’s default layout is an amalgamation of
OS X and
Windows. To play around with its panels, right-click on an empty spot and choose ‘Properties’. You can also include in or get rid of elements with the required command. If you’ve installed Docky, you may require to move away at least one panel out of the way.
- Install restricted extras
Ubuntu is freeware distribution software, it contains so many facilities that are left behind by default for licensing causes. That won’t hinder you from installing them all by yourself, although.
Just appending up another origin for software is pretty simple task; once you’ve installed addrepo, you can perform it all within the terminal itself by typing some command along the lines of addrepo deb http://mirror2.ubuntulinux.nl/ lucid-seveas all. If you come across any brand new repositories online, they will generally offer you the correct particulars to go forth. You could also perform the same graphically by heading off to ‘System | Administration | Software Sources | Third Party Software | Add’.
Ubuntu`s default pick of games is a bit weak. There are hell load of gaming gold on the default repositories. Search for and check out some games like Gridwars, vDrift & FlightGear.
There is only one package that will bring in forth a world of more modification alternatives, and that is called ubuntu-tweak. You can download the DEB package by installing a repository manger. You just have to type sudo wget http://mac4deb.googlepages.com/addrepo -O / usr/bin/addrepo in a terminal window to install addrepo, then type in sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/addrepo to assign its permissions appropriately.
By appending facilities to Ubuntu commences along with Gnome-Do, which eases up and quickens the search for programs and files, or enabling functions. Just hop into the package manager for ‘gnome-do’ (or install it using apt-get) to get it. You will presently discover it in the Ubuntu menu.
Install the Gnome-Do and let it continue to run, then press [Super]+[Space]. [Super] is the [Windows] key on a standard PC keyboard. The left-hand pane comprises of the thing you are searching for, while the right-hand pane will finally comprise of the action to be enforced onto it.
We will put into use the Firefox as a great application for Gnome-Do. Commence typing firefox and it should show up in the left window just after a few letters. Now press [Tab] to alter between the various panes, go to another pane and start typing the action you desire to execute, such as Close or Maximize.
Any Linux installation which is mandatory will warn you instantly to any modifications that are needed to be performed post installation, especially if you’ve installed from a Live CD that might not be completely up to date.
The auto-updater is not the available method to bring up your system up to speed. The package manager – which pertains with downloading, installing and setting up new programs may require a small push, yet. Just open up a terminal window, then type in it the command mode sudo apt-get update to make sure that Ubuntu’s repository of packages is upto date.
The very next phase is to turn your installed software packages into the brand new editions, which you can perform by utilizing a somewhat dissimilar command in the terminal window: apt-get upgrade. Enter it and apt-get will thrash through the whole list, thereby differentiating and installing any packages that have been left out at earlier times.
Apt can be termed as a goliath in terms of a tool. It can assit you to keep firm on the cutting edge with small or no endeavour on your part for instance, you had an Ubuntu perfectly running for some time, but you require to install the upcoming version of the OS. You are required to perform a complete backup, burn a new disc, observe the whole re-installation process.
- Manage repositories easily
Apt doesn’t summon packages from nowhere without any warning. It utilizes repositories which are large databases of software packages that make sure the upcoming editions of software are always easily made available from a single place. To add up more number of repositories, we urge you to commence by installing a repository manger. Type in the command sudo wget http://mac4deb.googlepages.com/addrepo -O / usr/bin/addrepo in a terminal window to install addrepo, then type in sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/addrepo to assign its permissions in the right way.
- Check the package manager
Ubuntu’s package management tools are not forbidden to the command line as you might have discovered. Synaptic Package Manager has an awesome graphical UI for apt. To open it, head off to ‘System | Administration | Synaptic Package Manager’. A great part of repositories is tracking down around them for good packages.
The arrow keys are a fulfilling method to sail through Gnome-Do. Begin by typing in the first pane, then tap on [down] to view all the available choices. Use [right] to open up folders or panels. Choose any one, tap on [Tab] and also hit the [down] arrow to choose the required action to execute on it.
Ubuntu sports some good distinctly Mac-instigated – purple desktop backgrounds, but with no operating system is actually yours until you’ve pasted a picture of your’s all over it. Right-click on the desktop and choose ‘Change Desktop Background’ to pick one in.
To obtain the maximum output from your Ubuntu desktop, you’ll require the optimum drivers for your video card. They aren’t installed from starting, but if you go to ‘System | Administration | Hardware Drivers’, you can see your choices. Choose the appropriate driver, install it and restart your system.
There’s a clean timid desktop application, based on the code at the back side of Gnome-Do, that imitates the dock as that one of Mac OS X. Search Synaptic for ‘docky’, install it, and you will be able to assemble its finest details by merely tapping the icon on the far left side.
You can alter the look and feel of your desktop’s windows from the ‘Appearance Preferences’ tab. Click the Theme tab, then tap on a style to have a preview as to how it will look. If you click ‘Customise’, you can mix up elements from various themes.
You will surely receive a decorative looking desktop if you enable the visual effects by going to System | Preferences | Appearance | Visual Effects. Install the ‘compiz’ settings application and look for Synaptic for ‘compizconfig’. You will eventually gain access to several more happening tweaks.
Type the following into a terminal: sudo wget http://www.medibuntu. org/sources.list.d/$(lsb_ release -cs).list –outputdocument=/ etc/apt/ sources.list.d/medibuntu. list. Then run sudo apt-get install w32codecs to get the appropriate files.
Do yuo want to share files with? Then you really need Samba. Look for ‘samba’ within Synaptic, note the packages ‘samba’ and ‘system-config-samba’ for installation and click on ‘Apply.’ You can utilize the configuration app to arrange permanently linked shares.
There is oneprime artistry app for the Linux platform, and that is GIMP. If there were an prize for ‘most Photoshop features aped’, it would surely bag two of them. It does not arrive on a standard Ubuntu Live CD, but it really deserves to, so catch hold of a copy from Synaptic Package Manager and get into drawing.
You will surely discover VLC enlisted in Synaptic inside a search named for ‘VLC’. Just like most other apps, it installs a few number of other applications all at the same time, which it demands in order to execute. However, it does not install the Firefox plug-in; look for ‘mozilla-plugin-vlc’ to discover it if you really require media to be managed inside your browser.
Type the following command into a terminal sudo wget http://www.medibuntu. org/sources.list.d/$(lsb_ release -cs).list –outputdocument=/ etc/apt/ sources.list.d/medibuntu. list. Then execute the command “sudo apt-get install w32codecs” to receive the exact files.
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